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Purpose: This study, using the International Classification for Nursing Practice, aimed to identify the phenomenon of familynursing care, and the factors affecting it, for high-risk and frail older persons who have a significant need for homehealthcare services. Methods: This study was conducted using secondary data collected by students who interviewed93 healthcare subjects in a health center. The data was used to analyze the general characteristics, health-relatedcharacteristics, and confirmed problems of family nursing phenomena of the subjects. Independant t-test, Pearsoncorrelation coefficient, and multiple linear regression were used for the data analysis. Results: The mean age of thesubjects was 82.4±6.3 years. The most common problem of the family nursing phenomenon were unhealthy lifestyle,disturbance in family communication, and lack of family interaction in the community. People with greater family nursingphenomenon problems reported a higher degree of frailty and depression, lower quality of life and self-rated health. Thefactors that influence the family nursing phenomenon of frail older persons are the problems of mobility and hearing.
Conclusion: Physical and psychological problems associated with aging can cause not only personal, but family functionalproblems as well. Therefore, a comprehensive family-oriented support program is required.
Most countries have implemented restrictions on mobility to prevent the spread of Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19), entailing considerable societal costs but, at least initially, based on limited evidence of effectiveness. We asked whether mobility restrictions were associated with changes in the occurrence of COVID-19 in 34 OECD countries plus Singapore and Taiwan. Our data sources were the Google Global Mobility Data Source, which reports different types of mobility, and COVID-19 cases retrieved from the dataset curated by Our World in Data. Beginning at each country’s 100th case, and incorporating a 14-day lag to account for the delay between exposure and illness, we examined the association between changes in mobility (with January 3 to February 6, 2020 as baseline) and the ratio of the number of newly confirmed cases on a given day to the total number of cases over the past 14 days from the index day (the potentially infective ‘pool’ in that population), per million population, using LOESS regression and logit regression. In two-thirds of examined countries, reductions of up to 40% in commuting mobility (to workplaces, transit stations, retailers, and recreation) were associated with decreased cases, especially early in the pandemic. Once both mobility and incidence had been brought down, further restrictions provided little additional benefit. These findings point to the importance of acting early and decisively in a pandemic.
This study identified whether there is a difference in the practice of personal hygiene prevention and social distance between Korean and Nepalese university students during the COVID-19 pandemic. We also identified the influencing factors under each country’s response policy. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using an online survey. Chi-square test, t-test, F-test and logistic regression were used to analyze the data. Results: This study shows that “washing hands after sneezing” as a practice for personal hygiene prevention was better observed by Nepalese students (76.0%) than Korean students (59.5%) (p<.001). “Wearing a Mask” was better observed by Korean (94.8%) than Nepalese (60.5%) (p<.001) students. Among the practices in social distancing, Nepalese students have better compliance with “refrain from using public transportation”, “refrain from using elevator”, and “one-row seating” than Korean students (p<.001). The “restraint of meeting with more than 10 people”, was kept better by Nepalese (88.7%) than Korean students (78.9%) (p=.015). According to a logistic regression analysis, Korean students complied with the practice of personal hygiene prevention 1.61 times better than Nepalese students, who followed the practice of social distance 12.13 times better than the Korean students. As a result, preventive activities, including both personal hygiene prevention and social distancing practice, showed that Nepalese university students were 4.78 times better at complying than Korean university students. Conclusion: It can be seen that each country's response policies are factors that have the greatest impact on the practices of personal hygiene prevention and social
distancing. Thus, new guidelines regarding personal hygiene prevention should be announced to ensure that people comply well together
Objectives
To analyze the relationship between traffic inflow and COVID-19 prevalence in South Korea for formulating prevention policies for novel infections.
Methods
We evaluated traffic inflow and new COVID-19 cases in 8 regions of Korea from January 1, 2020, to January 31, 2021. The toll collection system (TCS) traffic volume for 2019?2020 and traffic inflow trends were analyzed using independent samples t-test and nonlinear regression, respectively. The association between TCS traffic volume and new COVID-19 cases by city was analyzed using correlation analysis.
Results
Traffic inflow volume in 2020 decreased 3.7% from 2019. The TCS traffic inflow trend in the 8 provinces decreased during the first COVID-19 wave, gradually increased until the second wave, decreased after the second wave, and showed a sharp decrease in the third wave. There was a positive correlation between the traffic inflow volume and new cases in Busan-Gyeongnam and Jeonbuk, but not in Daegu-Gyeongbuk or Gangwon.
Conclusions
A decrease in new COVID-19 cases in the regions was associated with increased traffic inflow volume. Therefore, the Korean government can establish preventive social distancing policies by identifying increases or decreases in traffic volume. These policies will also need to consider the distribution of vaccines in each area.
연구의 목적: 본 연구에서는 영국 사회적 처방의 도입 배경과 운영 방식등을 조사하여 사회적 처방의 효과를 확인하고 한국에의 도입 타당성을 확인하는데 있다.
연구 방법: 본 연구는 사회적 처방과 관련된 2차 자료를 수집하여 분석하고, 2020도 6월부터 9월 까지 영국 킹스턴 지역 사회적 처방 기관을 연구자가 방문하여 관찰한 내용 정리 및 발표된 문헌 및 논문의 내용을 분석(content analysis)하는 방법을 사용하였다.
연구 결과: 영국 정부와 보건부는 사회적 처방제도를 도입한 이후 활발한 지원을 하고 있으며, 특히 만성질환자나 정신 건강 문제를 갖고 있는 자, 고독감 및 복잡한 사회적 상황 등으로 인해 정서적 고통을 호소하는 사람들을 주요 대상으로 삼고 있다. 사회적 처방은 영국 정부 산하의 국가보건서비스(NHS)를 중심으로 각 지방정부가 자체적으로 링크 워커(Link worker)를 활용하고 있으며, Kingston 지역에서는 2019년 7월 1일 사회적 처방을 위한 1차 진료 네트워크가 시작되었으며, 현재 5 개의 PCN(Primary Care Network)이 설치되어 운영 중에 있다.
결론: 킹스턴 지역의 사회적 처방은 지역 전체를 포괄하는 1차 의료 접근 방식을 취하고 있으며, 주민들이 행복하고 건강하며 궁극적으로는 삶의 질을 향상시킬 수 있도록 지원하고 있다. 본 연구 결과를 볼 때에 한국의 지역사회에도 영국의 사회적 처방 제도의 도입이 보건문제 해결에 도움이 될 수 있음을 시사한다.
Introduction: Japan’s health policies to address the most advanced-aged society have been the target of focus in Asia, but no studies have investigated this issue using tools for cross-country comparisons.
Theory and methods: A cross-country study design was used to compare healthcare reform policies with a framework in Japan, Korea, Thailand, China, Indonesia, and the Philippines. Data were collected via document reviews and key informant interviews.
Results: Three distinctions were identified. First, all countries except for the Philippines have policy decisions regarding reforms for the existing service delivery systems for healthcare, long-term care and welfare. Second, the most extensive service delivery reform is currently being implemented in Japan, whose system is shifting to primary health care. Third, the direction of the transformation of service delivery system is different between Thailand and China despite a similar level of ageing society. China has made progress on facility-based care integration between health and social care, whereas Thailand is focusing on home-based care.
Conclusions and discussion: Doctor and hospital-based healthcare delivery system requires more drastic reform for an aged society. This fact implies that strengthening primary health care is not only useful for current health issues but also an investment for the aged society near future in low- and middle-income countries.
To investigate the knowledge, preventive practices, and depression of Chinese university students living in South Korea and Mainland China during the COVID-19 outbreak and explore the determinants of depression among these students, an online cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted from 23 March to 12 April 2020. The online questionnaire included questions on knowledge and preventive practices related to COVID-19, and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 was used to diagnose depressive symptoms. A total of 420 Chinese university students were finally included in the study (171 students from South Korea and 249 students from Mainland China). The majority of these students had a good level of knowledge of COVID-19. Students living in South Korea displayed better preventive practices than those living in Mainland China; however, the proportion of students (28.7%) with moderate-to-severe depression in this group was relatively higher than that (18.9%) of the Mainland Group (χ2 = 5.50, p < 0.05). More severe depression was related to high levels of concern about family members and contracting COVID-19 as well as suspecting themselves of having come into contact with patients. Displaying more preventive behaviors decreased the depressive symptoms in both groups. These data could be used as a reference for further studies in different regions to take measures (e.g., psychological counseling and encouragement for physical activities) to reduce depressive symptoms in university students.
The Plan Nacional de Desarrollo Paraguay 2030 states “coverage must be secured in public sectors for [the] development of the country,” and efforts are currently being made to increase health coverage. However, there has been a limited number of studies on the accessibility and use of medical care by local residents in Paraguay. This study aimed to identify factors that affect the experience of unmet health care needs in adults residing in rural area, Paraguay, Community Health Survey of Limpio city. Results revealed that participants residing in rural areas had higher unmet healthcare needs than those in urban areas. It was also found that those in the higher income quartile had fewer unmet healthcare needs than those in the lower income quartile. Those with chronic diseases and no healthcare insurance were more likely to experience unmet healthcare needs than those without chronic diseases and those with health insurance, respectively. We concluded that regional features can create gaps in the use of healthcare services. Therefore public health centers should be located in areas accessible. And according to the results, the quality of healthcare services is an important factor in the selection. Thus, the function of public health centers should be improved, and healthcare human resources and infrastructure of facilities should be systematically reinforced.
Aim
This study aimed to investigate the correlations between depression, social support and social participation among older adults in farming villages and identify their associations with the use of senior leisure and welfare facilities, called kyungro?dang, so as to provide foundational data for promoting community care in rural farming communities.
Design
A cross?sectional design was used to identify kyungro?dang use among the 156 participants?older adults aged 65.
Methods
Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation analysis, factor analysis and structural equation modelling.
Results
Older adults with high social support and social participation tended to use kyungro?dang less. Our findings contribute foundational data to promote community care through kyungro?dang. Ministry of Health and Welfare (MoHW) plans to enforce to “Comprehensive community care plan” through kyungro?dang in rural area. The result of this study shows the relation between Kyungro?dang and social support, social participation, depression. This study recommends that MoHW in Korea focuses on enhance social support and social participation to gather before policy implications.
